Table 2 Hormogonium-inducing factor (HIF)-like activities of protein kinase C (PKC) activators or skin irritants.

From: Isolation and characterization of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol as a hormogonium-inducing factor (HIF) from the coralloid roots of Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae)

Compound (glyceride)

Compound/disc (molar amount of test compound)a

1 × 10−7 (100 nmol)

1 × 10−7 (100 nmol)

1 × 10−9 (1 nmol)

1 × 10−10 (100 pmol)

1 × 10−11 (10 pmol)

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (12)

±b

−

−

−

−

urushiol C15:3-Δ7,10,13 (13)

−

−

−

−

−

anacardic acid C15:1-Δ8 (14)

LTc

LTc

+

−

−

(S)-1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylglycerol (1)

++

++

+

−

−

  1. aBioassay on BG-110-based 1.2% gellan plates, instead of 1.2% agar plates used for other test compounds shown above.
  2. bHormogonium-induction not around the paper disc (0–0.5 mm) but slightly under the paper disc, on which compound 12 had been charged.
  3. cLethally toxic. Cyanobacterial cells under the paper discs, on which compound 14 had been charged, are missing the red autofluorescence of chlorophyll a, observed only in the viable vegetative cells of the Nostocean cyanobacteria.
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