Table 2 Map positions and genetic effects of QTLs detected for the number of runner (RU) in F₁ population derived from crossing octoploid strawberry cultivars Maehyang and Albion.

QTL name	Linkage Group	Marker	Genetic distance (cM)^a	Fragaria × ananassa genome ID	F. vesca Physical position (bp)	Threshold LOD^b	LOD^c	Additive Effect	R^2d
qRU-5D**	LG5D	FAN4605-FAN3787	83.88–84.81	FAN_iscf00235992.1-FAN_iscf00019356.1	Fvb5:23272711-23422418	2.7	7.24	−9.79	0.38
qRU-3D1	LG3D1	FAN2812-FAN3323	28.9–30.04	FAN_iscf00310724.1-FAN_iscf00161563.1	Fvb3:37021445-37232303	2.9	7.15	−8.14	0.36
qRU-1D2**	LG1D2	FAN3556-FAN3757	20.99–23.23	FAN_iscf00315119.1-FAN_iscf00003334.1	Fvb1:9879715-9988189	2.9	5.54	−8.54	0.37
qRU-4D	LG4D	FAN3943-FAN3164	43.51–45.28	FAN_iscf00171554.1-FAN_iscf00369931.1	Fvb4:23126333-24533627	2.9	3.5	−5.12	0.22
qRU-4C*	LG4C	FAN603-FAN1459	3.74–4.73	FAN_iscf00089616.1-FAN_iscf00083346.1	Fvb2:16350821-17032825	2.8	4.11	3.663	0.32
qRU-5C*	LG4C	FAN764-FAN457	40.58–42.31	FAN_iscf00280849.1-FAN_iscf00206802.1	Fvb5:8718088- 10445687	2.7	3.97	3.182	0.24
qRU-2D2*	LG2D2	FAN2967-FAN2525	16.31–19.90	FAN_iscf00134314.1-FAN_iscf00342145.1	Fvb2:23649400-23980136	2.8	3.96	−4.37	0.28

No asterisk, * and ** indicate QTLs detected by composite interval mapping (CIM), multi-locus GWAS methods (mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, pLARmEB and ISIS EM-BLASSO method) and all of these techniques, respectively.
^aThe distance of the QTL in cM (expressed in Kosambi) from the top of the linkage group.
^bThe significant threshold logarithm of the odds (LOD) score calculated by the composite interval mapping using Kosambi’s map function with 1000 permutation (p ≤ 0.05).
^cThe peak LOD score.
^dThe percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the QTLs as determined by QTL Cartographer version 2·5 (NC, USA).

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