Figure 5

Comparison of agonistic activity and TNF-α suppressing activity between OAD and its analogs. (A) Cells expressing human and murine P2Y1 and P2Y4, and human P2Y11 were treated with OAD, tOAD, oleic acid, OEtA, PEA, or OEA, and AP-TGFα release was measured. (B) Primary microglia were treated with OAD and its analog derived from oleic acid (B, upper), or PEA (B, lower) overnight, followed by LPS stimulation. Bars with a different letter were statistically different by Turkey–Kramer’s test. Statistical analysis was performed between a control 0 μM value and each concentration. The data represent mean ± S.E.M (n = 3).