Table 2 Prevalence of abnormal cardio-metabolic markers by gender and BMI categories in Life Course Program wave 4 study participants.

From: Examining the relationship between body mass index and adverse cardio-metabolic profiles among Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous young adults

Abnormal markers

Males (n = 259)

Females (n = 317)

Underweight

Normal

Overweight

Obese

P (Chi-sq)

Underweight

Normal

Overweight

Obese

P (Chi-sq)

Elevated waist cira

0% (0)

4.0% (5)

48.3% (28)

100.0% (30)

<0.001

3.3% (2)

49.6% (59)

98.6% (70)

100.0% (41)

<0.001

Elevated triglyceridesb

5.9% (2)

29.9% (35)

49.1% (26)

65.5% (19)

<0.001

1.8% (1)

13.0% (15)

30.0% (21)

35.0% (14)

<0.001

Reduced HDL-cc

55.9% (19)

58.8% (67)

66.0% (35)

79.3% (23)

0.17

81.8% (45)

78.1% (89)

91.4% (64)

92.3% (36)

<0.05

Elevated SBP or DBPd

11.1% (4)

15.5% (19)

21.4% (12)

51.6% (16)

<0.001

0.0% (0)

0.8% (1)

10.1% (8)

14.0% (6)

<0.001

Elevated HbA1ce

12.1% (4)

12.0% (14)

7.6% (4)

37.9% (11)

<0.001

12.7% (7)

6.1% (7)

23.2% (16)

30.0% (12)

<0.001

Elevated hs-CRPf

60.6% (20)

42.3% (47)

61.5% (32)

82.8% (24)

<0.001

30.9% (17)

44.7% (51)

84.3% (59)

92.5% (37)

<0.001

Number of abnormal markers

  0

21.9% (7)

17.0% (18)

8.2% (4)

0.0% (0)

<0.0011

13.5% (7)

12.4% (13)

0.0% (0)

0.0% (0)

<0.0011

  1

25.0% (8)

23.6% (25)

16.3% (8)

7.4% (2)

51.9% (27)

25.7% (27)

4.8% (3)

0.0% (0)

  2

37.5% (12)

41.5% (44)

24.5% (12)

0.0% (0)

26.9% (14)

29.5% (31)

12.7% (8)

11.4% (4)

  3

15.6% (5)

12.3% (13)

26.5% (13)

14.8% (4)

7.7% (4)

24.8% (26)

39.7% (25)

25.7% (9)

  4

0.0% (0)

5.7% (6)

12.2% (6)

37.0% (10)

0.0% (0)

6.7% (7)

28.6% (18)

45.7% (16)

  5

0.0% (0)

0.0% (0)

10.2% (5)

29.6% (8)

0.0% (0)

1.0% (1)

7.9% (5)

17.1% (6)

  6

0.0% (0)

0.0% (0)

2.0% (1)

11.1% (3)

0.0% (0)

0.0% (0)

6.4% (4)

0.0% (0)

  1. Notes: Number of missing values for each item varies.
  2. 1Shows Probability for Fisher’s exact test using Monte Carlo estimation due to >20% of cells having an expected count of less than 5.
  3. aElevated waist circumference ≥94 cm – males; ≥80 cm – females.
  4. bElevated triglycerides (or drug treatment for elevated triglycerides) ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L).
  5. cReduced High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (drug treatment for reduced HDL-c) <40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) – males; <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) – females.
  6. dElevated blood pressure (or antihypertensive drug treatment) Systolic ≥130 and/or Diastolic ≥85 mm Hg.
  7. eElevated Glycated Haemoglobin (or drug treatment for diabetes) >=5.7% (39 mmol/mol).
  8. fElevated high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein >=3.0 μg/mL.
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