Table 6 Comparison of liver and spleen imidacloprid concentrations (ng/g of tissue) between North Dakota free-ranging deer (n = 367) and our captive facility deer (n = 86).

From: Effects of Neonicotinoid Insecticides on Physiology and Reproductive Characteristics of Captive Female and Fawn White-tailed Deer

 

Liver

Spleen

North Dakota

Captive

North Dakota

Captive

Maximum

8.42

1.36

6.61

1.48

Minimum

0

0

0

0

Average

1.32

0.46

0.60

0.18

STD

1.68

0.34

1.12

0.26

SEM

0.10

0.03

0.06

0.03

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