Figure 3
Utilizing the forward tracking we examined the amount of sea ice, originating from the Siberian shelf (<30 m), that survived the first summer. (a) Shows whether ice formed in winter (y-axis, October–April) between 1992 and 2017 at one of the 32 points (x-axis) melts in summer (red), or survives until next freeze-up (yellow). Ice that survives summer is incorporated into the Transpolar Drift and contributes to long-range transport. The mean annual survival rate averaged over all points is shown in (b). The annually averaged 120 day mean thickness (November – March) of sea ice formed in November between site 1–32 (compare Fig. 1b) is shown in (c). Along-track mean sea ice thickness estimates were obtained from CryoSat-2 and ENVISAT missions. The two maps show where the remaining topmost 50 cm of FYI melts during summer month: (d) for the period between 1992–2003 and (e) between 2004–2017.
