Table 2 Maize yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), rainfall use efficiency (RUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) under different treatments in 2013 and 2014.

From: Synergistic improvement in spring maize yield and quality with micro/nanobubbles water oxygation

Treatment

2013

2014

Yield

IWUE

RUE

WUE

Yield

IWUE

RUE

WUE

O20V

11.82 ± 0.31b

4.14 ± 0.3b

5.84 ± 0.0b

2.41 ± 0.09b

12.03 ± 0.78b

4.44 ± 0.29b

3.45 ± 0.22b

1.94 ± 0.13b

O20R

11.98 ± 0.23ab

4.20 ± 0.2ab

5.89 ± 0.2ab

2.45 ± 0.10ab

11.88 ± 1.01b

4.39 ± 0.37b

3.41 ± 0.29b

1.92 ± 0.16b

O20F

11.94 ± 0.82ab

4.18 ± 0.8ab

5.86 ± 0.0ab

2.44 ± 0.17ab

12.39 ± 1.19ab

4.57 ± 0.44ab

3.55 ± 0.34ab

2.00 ± 0.19ab

O20VR

12.01 ± 0.34ab

4.20 ± 0.2ab

5.89 ± 0.11ab

2.45 ± 0.05ab

11.96 ± 1.26b

4.41 ± 0.47b

3.43 ± 0.36b

1.93 ± 0.20b

O20VF

12.17 ± 0.84ab

4.28 ± 0.8ab

5.98 ± 0.8ab

2.49 ± 0.21ab

12.14 ± 1.03b

4.48 ± 0.38b

3.48 ± 0.3b

1.96 ± 0.17b

O20RF

12.18 ± 0.23ab

4.29 ± 0.2ab

5.99 ± 0.2ab

2.49 ± 0.07ab

12.38 ± 0.44ab

4.57 ± 0.16ab

3.55 ± 0.13ab

2.00 ± 0.07ab

O10A

12.07 ± 0.82ab

4.24 ± 0.8ab

5.94 ± 0.0ab

2.47 ± 0.17ab

12.03 ± 0.85b

4.44 ± 0.31b

3.45 ± 0.24b

1.94 ± 0.14b

O20A

12.59 ± 0.46a

4.42 ± 0.4a

6.19 ± 0.4a

2.57 ± 0.05a

13.20 ± 0.54a

4.87 ± 0.2a

3.79 ± 0.16a

2.13 ± 0.09a

O30A

10.12 ± 0.59c

3.54 ± 0.5c

4.97 ± 0.5c

2.07 ± 0.12c

11.93 ± 1.15b

4.40 ± 0.4b

3.42 ± 0.33b

1.93 ± 0.19b

CK

11.23 ± 0.50b

3.93 ± 0.5b

5.51 ± 0.5b

2.29 ± 0.06b

11.87 ± 0.76b

4.38 ± 0.28b

3.41 ± 0.22b

1.92 ± 0.12b

Significant level

MNBO stage

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Dissolve oxygen

*

*

*

*

**

**

**

**

  1. Notes: Yield in 103 kg/ha, IWUE, RUE and WUE in kg/m³. MNBO was the abbreviation of micro/nanobubbles oxygation. Data were shown in mean ± standard deviation (n = 15). Values without the same letters within the same column at each site are significantly different (p < 0.05, LSD’s test). ns, no significance; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
Back to article page