Figure 1

Overexpression of OsEPF/L genes in rice causes alterations in stomatal size and density. (a) Expression analysis showing overexpression of OsEPF1 and OsEPFL9 genes in independent transgenic lines, ai. Reverse transcription – PCR of OsEPF1OE (line 3 and line 4) and OsEPFL9OE (Line 1 and 4), L denotes ladder, aii. Quantitative RT-PCR of OsEPF1OE (line 3 and 4) and OsEPFL9OE (Line 1, 15 and 17). (b,c) Stomatal density (b) and stomatal size (c) measurements of 5 week old OsEPF1 and OsEPFL9 overexpression lines on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of a fully developed 5th leaf. (d) The relationship between the mean of the stomatal sizes and mean of the stomatal densities of the adaxial (closed circles) and abaxial (open circles) surfaces. (e,f) Leaf impressions showing stomata distribution in untransformed wildtype (WT) controls and OsEPF overexpression lines on adaxial (e) and abaxial (f) surfaces. TN refers to (transformed) transgene negative plants. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. n = 4–6. Different letters indicate significant differences between the lines. (p < 0.05). Scale bar = 25 µm.