Table 2 Output of forward variable selection procedure based on the information criteria BIC showing the log-likelihood, log 𝓛, BIC and ∆BIC values for the baseline model without any covariates and for models with increasingly many covariates included.

From: Classifying grey seal behaviour in relation to environmental variability and commercial fishing activity - a multivariate hidden Markov model

Model

Log-likelihood

BIC

∆BIC

Baseline

− 626423.4

1253221.7

1324

+bathymetry

−625756.9

1251951.1

53.4

+seabed slope

−625699.0

1251897.8

0.1

+sea surface temperature

−625667.7

1251897.7

0

+sex

−625639.4

1251903.6

5.9

  1. The best model is indicated in bold.