Table 1 Ranking of the linear mixed effects models for linear and quadratic (latitude²) effects of latitude and other studied variables on community phylogenetic diversity (standardised effect size of the mean pairwise distance – SES_mpd, and standardised effect size of the mean nearest taxon distance – SES_mntd) in woody and herbaceous communities.

Community type	Phylogenetic diversity	Model	logLik	AICc	∆AIC_c	AIC_w	R²_m	R²_c
Woody	SES_mpd	latitude + latitude² + size + vegetation	−947.968	1916.4	0.00	0.400	0.25	0.46
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm	−945.322	1917.5	1.03	0.238	0.28	0.47
		latitude + latitude² + size	−950.605	1917.5	1.10	0.230	0.23	0.45
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm + vegetation	−943.783	1918.6	2.22	0.132	0.29	0.48
	SES_mntd	latitude + latitude² + size	−843.544	1703.4	0.00	0.850	0.11	0.45
		latitude + latitude² + size + vegetation	−843.302	1707.1	3.69	0.135	0.11	0.45
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm	−842.417	1711.7	8.24	0.014	0.12	0.44
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm + vegetation	−842.286	1715.7	12.25	0.002	0.12	0.44
Herbaceous	SES_mpd	latitude + latitude² + size + realm + vegetation	−997.599	2019.7	0.00	0.805	0.13	0.48
		latitude + latitude² + size + vegetation	−1002.130	2022.6	2.83	0.195	0.13	0.51
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm	−1008.466	2039.4	19.65	0.000	0.08	0.48
		latitude + latitude² + size	−1012.197	2040.6	20.90	0.000	0.06	0.49
	SES_mntd	latitude + latitude² + size + realm + vegetation	−861.604	1747.7	0.00	0.762	0.28	0.38
		latitude + latitude² + size + vegetation	−865.881	1750.1	2.32	0.238	0.15	0.40
		latitude + latitude² + size + realm	−882.025	1786.5	38.76	0.000	0.11	0.36
		latitude + latitude² + size	−886.475	1789.2	41.45	0.000	0.01	0.41

The models are sorted by corrected Akaike information criterion value (AIC_c), with log likelihood (logLik), difference in AIC_c from the top-ranked model (∆AIC_c), model weight (AIC_w), marginal R² (R²_m), and conditional R² (R²_c). Size = sampling unit size; vegetation = vegetation type (closed, open, semi-open); realm = biogeographic realm (Afrotropical, Australasian, Indo-Malayan, Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic)²⁹. Study identification was included as a random effect variable in all models.

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