Table 2 Adjusted* association between EBRBs and general and abdominal obesity, among adolescents studied from HELENA-CSS and BRACAH study.

From: Skipping breakfast is associated with adiposity markers especially when sleep time is adequate in adolescents

 

n

HELENA

p

n

BRACAH

P

coef β (95%CI)

coef β (95%CI)

 

Girls

BMI

Sleep time

1301

0.20 (−0.21; 0.61)

0.337

385

0.02 (−0.63; 0.68)

0.941

Skip breakfast

1322

0.70 (0.32; 1.08)

<0.001

533

−0.10 (−0.69; 0.49)

0.743

Sedentary behaviour

1322

0.30 (−0.09; 0.69)

0.129

   

Physical activity

1322

−0.11 (−0.63; 0.40)

0.666

540

0.33 (−0.33; 0.98)

0.330

Waist circumference

Sleep time

1325

−0.02 (−0.92; 0.88)

0.97

385

−0.57 (−2.49; 1.35)

0.560

Skip breakfast

1300

0.98 (0.12; 1.83)

0.025

533

0.86 (−0.76; 2.47)

0.298

Sedentary behaviour

1300

1.19 (0.32; 2.06)

0.007

   

Physical activity

1347

−0.05(−1.19; 1.08)

0.93

540

−0.03 (−1.83; 1.78)

0.978

Waist to height

Sleep time

Skip breakfast

1300

0.01 (0.00; 0.01)

0.001

   

Sedentary behaviour

1300

0.01 (0.00; 0.02)

<0.001

   

Physical activity

 

Boys

BMI

Sleep time

1062

0.43 (−0.08; 0.93)

0.100

330

−0.93 (−1.80; −0.07)

0.035

Skip breakfast

1091

1.27 (0.79; 1.75)

<0.001

449

1.11 (0.35; 1.87)

0.004

Sedentary behaviour

1091

0.29 (−0.26; 0.83)

0.302

449

−0.73 (−2.39; 0.93)

0.392

Physical activity

1091

−0.43 (−1.08; 0.22)

0.195

449

−0.05 (−0.83; 0.74)

0.910

Waist circumference

Sleep time

1042

0.55(−0.65; 1.74)

0.369

330

−2.17(−4.43; 0.09)

0.060

Skip breakfast

1071

2.61 (1.47; 3.74)

<0.001

449

2.13 (0.12; 4.15)

0.038

Sedentary behaviour

1071

0.60 (−0.68; 1.88)

0.358

449

−0.73 (−5.09; 3.63)

0.744

Physical activity

1071

−0.63 (−2.16; 0.90)

0.418

449

−0.77 (−2.87; 1.33)

0.472

Waist to height

Sleep time

   

330

−0.01 (−0.02; 0.00)

0.091

Skip breakfast

1071

0.02 (0.01; 0.03)

<0.001

449

0.02 (0.01; 0.03)

0.005

Sedentary behaviour

1071

0.00 (−0.00; 0.01)

0.320

449

−0.01 (−0.03; 0.02)

0.71

Physical activity

1071

−0.01 (−0.01; 0.00)

0.270

   
  1. Adjusted by potential confounders: center (only in HELENA-CSS), age and education mother. Significant associations are in bold.
  2. EBRBs: energy balance-related behaviours, BMI: body mass index, HELENA-CSS: Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional study. BRACAH study: Brazilian Cardiovascular Adolescent Health study, 95%CI: confidence interval, coef β: beta coefficient.
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