Table 3 Analysis of Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS) and 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) scores at baseline by covariates (multivariable model).

N = 151	Age (for 10-year increase)		Sex (ref. female)		Baseline stage^a			Baseline BCVA (≤0.15 vs >0.15 LogMar)
	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test	Early vs Severe	Moderate vs Severe	P-value F-test	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test
	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test	Slope/OR [95% CI]	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test	Slope/OR [95% CI]	P-value F-test
Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS)^b
Symp-6	1.01 [−1.30; 3.32]	0.39	4.01 [−2.33;10.36]	0.21	8.99 [−0.16;18.14]	10.43 [0.84;20.02]	0.09	6.31 [−2.80;15.41]	0.17
Func-4	0.11 [−2.12; 2.34]	0.93	*7.00 [0.86;13.13]*	*0.03*	*20.77 [11.93;29.62]*	*20.51 [11.24;29.78]*	<*0.01*	8.02 [−0.78;16.82]	0.07
Total score	0.60 [−1.32; 2.53]	0.54	5.11 [−0.19;10.40]	0.06	*14.05 [6.41;21.68]*	*14.94 [6.93;22.94]*	<*0.01*	7.43 [−0.17;15.03]	0.06
National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25)^b
General health	−1.44 [−3.44; 0.56]	0.16	1.49 [−4.02; 7.00]	0.59	9.25 [1.30;17.19]	5.09 [−3.24;13.42]	0.06	1.11 [−6.79; 9.02]	0.78
General vision	−1.42 [−2.99; 0.15]	0.08	−2.26 [−6.57; 2.05]	0.30	*18.08 [11.86;24.29]*	*13.94 [7.42;20.45]*	<*0.01*	3.09 [−3.10; 9.27]	0.33
Ocular pain	1.15 [−1.13; 3.43]	0.32	−0.04 [−6.30; 6.23]	0.99	7.08 [−1.95;16.11]	10.13 [0.67;19.60]	0.11	6.89 [−2.09;15.88]	0.13
Near activities	0.30 [−1.50; 2.10]	0.74	1.94 [−3.00; 6.89]	0.44	*16.72 [9.59;23.86]*	*16.18 [8.70;23.66]*	<*0.01*	*10.07 [2.97;17.17]*	*0.01*
Distance activities^c	0.85 [0.65; 1.11]	0.22	1.49 [0.73; 3.06]	0.27	*19.37 [4.04;92.86]*	*19.18 [3.81;96.41]*	<*0.01*	1.85 [0.64; 5.31]	0.25
Social functionig^c	1.09 [0.75; 1.59]	0.65	2.87 [0.93; 8.92]	0.07	*15.11 [4.04;56.51]*	*10.94 [2.87;41.69]*	<*0.01*	2.02 [0.54; 7.63]	0.30
Mental health	0.82 [−1.03; 2.66]	0.39	1.26 [−3.82; 6.33]	0.63	*23.21 [15.89;30.53]*	*18.77 [11.10;26.44]*	<*0.01*	3.79 [−3.50;11.07]	0.31
Role difficulties^c	1.14 [0.87; 1.50]	0.34	1.42 [0.66; 3.05]	0.37	*4.13 [1.49;11.44]*	*4.58 [1.52;13.79]*	*0.01*	*4.65 [1.65;13.08]*	<*0.01*
Dependency^c	0.85 [0.59; 1.22]	0.38	1.02 [0.40; 2.57]	0.97	*19.90 [5.61;70.57]*	*7.00 [2.23;22.02]*	<*0.01*	2.46 [0.81; 7.51]	0.11
Driving^d	−1.09 [−2.96; 0.78]	0.25	*10.63 [5.54;15.72]*	<*0.01*	*11.52 [4.39;18.65]*	*8.95 [1.29;16.61]*	*0.01*	*14.09 [6.43;21.76]*	<*0.01*
Color vision^c	0.97 [0.56; 1.69]	0.92	4.03 [0.82;19.82]	0.09	*36.68 [3.77;357.3]*	*13.50 [2.22;82.17]*	<*0.01*	1.52 [0.27; 8.60]	0.63
Peripheral vision^c	0.81 [0.59; 1.12]	0.21	1.83 [0.77; 4.35]	0.17	*9.85 [3.25;29.89]*	*8.84 [2.75;28.40]*	<*0.01*	1.61 [0.54; 4.84]	0.39
Total score	0.01 [−1.08; 1.10]	0.98	1.77 [−1.24; 4.77]	0.25	*14.88 [10.55;19.21]*	*13.63 [9.09;18.17]*	<*0.01*	*5.93 [1.62;10.24]*	*0.01*

Legend: N: Number of participants; BCVA: Best Correct Visual Acuity; OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; ^aStage = Early (0/borderline/1); Moderate (2/3); Severe (4/5) ^bLinear or logistic regression models (modeled the probability of score = “100”); ^cDichotomous score (‘ = 100’, ‘<100’). ^dData available for 111 patients; Bold and italic: Significant cvalues.

Back to article page

Table 3 Analysis of Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS) and 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) scores at baseline by covariates (multivariable model).

Search

Quick links