Table 2 Mean (SD) of each group, mean (SD) difference within each group, and mean (95% CI) difference between groups.

From: Effects of diaphragmatic myofascial release on gastroesophageal reflux disease: a preliminary randomized controlled trial

Outcome

Groups

Differences Within Groups

Difference Between Groups

Week 0

Week 1

Week 4

Week 1 minus Week 0

Week 4 minus Week 0

MFR minus Sham

MFR

Sham

MFR

Sham

MFR

Sham

MFR

Sham

MFR

Sham

Week 0

Week 1

Week 4

RDQ (0–5)

2.3

(1.0)

1.8

(1.0)

0.6

(0.6)

1.6

(0.8)

0.6

(0.5)

1.7

(1.0)

−1.7

(0.7)

−0.2

(0.7)

−1.6

(0.8)

−0.1

(0.6)

0.5

(−0.2 to 1.2)

−1.0**

(−1.5 to −0.5)

−1.1**

(−1.7 to −0.5)

GIQLI (0–144)

102.3

(19.0)

94.3

(20.9)

112.7

(13.2)

103.3

(22.7)

116.3

(14.6)

98.1

(20.7)

10.3

(8.2)

9

(18.1)

13.9

(12.8)

3.8

(8.7)

8.0

(−7.0 to 23.0)

9.3

(−4.5 to 23.2)

18.1*

(4.8 to 31.5)

PPI (mg/week)

88

(78)

135

(120)

36

(52)

132

(122)

33

(51)

131

(112)

−52

(49)

−3

(10)

−55

(55)

−4

(43)

−47

(−122 to 29)

−96*

(−166 to −26)

−97*

(−162 to −32)

  1. MFR = myofascial release group, Sham = sham group, RDQ = Reflux Disease questionnaire; GIQLI = Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index, PPI = Proton Pump Inhibitors.
  2. P-values were obtained from two-way ANOVA tests: **p ≤ 0.001, *p ≤ 0.01.