Table 14 Musculoskeletal modules of right forelimb of T18 cyclopic fetus using AnNA (see Text). ant., anterior; comp., compartment; post., posterior.

From: First use of anatomical networks to study modularity and integration of heads, forelimbs and hindlimbs in abnormal anencephalic and cyclopic vs normal human development

ID

p.value

Bones

Muscles

1 shoulder girdle

0.02053

Ribs, Sternum, Clavicle

Subclavius, Deltoid, Pectoralis.Major, Pectoralis.Minor, Serratus.Anterior

2 digits 2 & 3

1e-04

Proximal.Phalanges 2,3, Middle.Phalanges 2,3, Distal.Phalanges 2,3

ant. comp. forearm: Flexor.Digitorum.Superficialis, Flexor.Digitorum.Profundus, post. comp. forearm: Extensor.Digitorum, Extensor.Indicis, hand: Musculus.Interosseous.Accessorius, Lumbrical.2, Dorsal.Interossei 1,2,3, Palmar.Interosseus 1

3 arm, forearm

0.00011

Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna

scapula: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres.Minor, Subscapularis, ant. comp. arm: Biceps.Brachii, Coracobrachialis, Brachialis, post. comp. arm: Triceps.Brachii, ant. comp. forearm: Pronator.Teres, Palmaris.Longus, Pronator.Quadratus, post. comp. forearm: Anconeus, Brachioradialis, Extensor.Carpi.Ulnaris, Supinator, Abductor.Pollicis.Longus

4 carpals, digit 5

0.03844

Triquetrum, Pisiform, Hamate, Metacarpal.5, Proximal.Phalanx.5

Flexor.Carpi.Ulnaris, hypothenar comp.: Opponens.Digiti.Minimi, Flexor.Digiti.Minimi.Brevis, dorsal: Abductor.Digiti.Minimi

5 digit 1

0.33219

Metacarpal.1, Proximal.Phalanx.1, Distal.Phalanx.1

Extensor.Pollicis.Longus, Adductor.Pollicis.Accessorius

6 carpals, metacarpals

0.02119

Trapezoid, Trapezium, Scaphoid, Lunate, Capitate, Metacarpals 2,3

ant. comp. forearm: Flexor.Carpi.Radialis, Flexor.Pollicis.Longus, post. comp. forearm: Extensor.Carpi.Radialis.Longus, Extensor.Carpi.Radialis.Brevis, thenar m.: Adductor.Pollicis

7 posterior shoulder

0.2593

Vertebrae

Teres.Major, Levator.Scapulae, Rhomboid.Major.Minor, Latissimus.Dorsi

8 digit 4

0.00988

Metacarpal.4, Proximal.Phalanx.4, Middle.Phalanx.4, Distal.Phalanx.4

Lumbrical.3, Dorsal.Interosseus 4, Palmar.Interosseus 2

9 digit 5

0.02063

Middle.Phalanx.5, Distal.Phalanx.5

Extensor.Digiti.Minimi, Lumbrical.4, Palmar.Interosseus 3