Figure 5
From: Periodontal treatment prevents arthritis in mice and methotrexate ameliorates periodontal bone loss
Orally administered P. gingivalis reversibly altered the gut microbiome. (A) Relative abundances of Porphyromonadaceae in the gut microbiome of mice orally treated with chlorhexidine (CE, CL), metronidazole (ME, ML) or methotrexate (MTX). Fresh stool was obtained t1) at the beginning of the observation period, t2) before and t3) after oral inoculation with P. gingivalis, t4) after pharmacological treatment and t5) at the end of the observation period. For the MTX-group, t4-samples were obtained before treatment. Analysis of CL at t1 was not done. (B) Principal components analysis plot shows the clustering of the most abundant bacterial families and the 5 samples of the early-treated chlorhexidine group (CE). Samples are numbered chronologically (CE1 = t1, CE2 = t2, CE3 = t3, CE4 = t4, CE5 = t5).
