Figure 3
From: Extremely low neonicotinoid doses alter navigation of pest insects along pheromone plumes
Effect of thiacloprid (TIA) on electroantennogram (EAG) responses of males of C. pomonella, G. molesta and L. botrana to sex pheromone stimulation. Males treated with acetone or 4 lethal concentrations of TIA (LC0.001 to LC20) were stimulated with n-hexane and 3 concentrations (1 ng to 1 µg) of the major pheromone components of C. pomonella (E,E-8,10-12:OH), G. molesta (Z8-12:Ac) and L. botrana (E,Z-7,9-12:Ac). Three EAG parameters were measured: maximum response, and the duration of the downward and upward phases. The only significant TIA effect was a reduction of maximum response with LC1 in L. botrana. For each pheromone dose, different letters indicate significant differences among TIA doses, Tukey’s test after ANOVA (P < 0.05).
