Figure 1

(a) Sketch of electrically tunable transmission type TiO₂ metasurface with LC infiltration sandwiched by ITO-coated glass substrates. The LC, in the absence of any applied voltage, is aligned in the x-axis by the photoalignment layer coated onto the top ITO glass surface (the photoalignment direction is given by the white arrow). LC alignment in the vicinity of the nanostructures can be altered by its presence influenced by both the photoalignment layer and the anchoring effect of nanostructures; (b) Comparison of calculated (P = 360 nm, D = 320 nm and H = 188 nm) (black curve) and measured (red and blue curves) transmittance spectra of the TiO₂ nanodisks metasurface before the LC infiltration. The inset gives the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the fabricated TiO₂ metasurface.