Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study subjects (N = 2,203)

From: Kidney Dysfunction Impact on White Matter Hyperintensity Volume in Neurologically Healthy Adults

White Matter Hyperintensity Volume - cm3

2.7

±6.0

Age (year)

56.9

±8.3

Male, n (%)

1,215

(55.2)

Current Smoker, n (%)

410

(18.6)

Taking Anti-hypertensive Drugs, n. (%)

551

(25.0)

Taking Anti-diabetic Drugs, n. (%)

154

(7.0)

Taking Anti-dyslipidemic Drugs, n (%)

177

(8.0)

Taking Anti-coagulation or Anti-platelet Drugs*, n (%)

224

(10.2)

Body Mass Index - kg/m2

24.1

±3.0

Systolic Blood Pressure - mmHg

126.6

±15.8

Diastolic Blood Pressure - mmHg

76.3

±10.6

Creatinine - mg/dL

0.92

±0.21

eGFR - ml/min/1.73 m2

78.0

±14.8

   ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m2, n (%)

421

(19.1)

   60–89.9 ml/min/1.73 m2, n (%)

1610

(73.1)

   30–59.9 ml/min/1.73 m2, n (%)

169

(7.7)

   <30 ml/min/1.73 m2, n (%)

3

(0.1)

Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio

0.02

±0.10

   <0.03

2,037

(92.5)

   ≥0.03

166

(7.5)

Total Cholesterol - mg/dL

200.7

±35.6

Low Density Lipoprotein - mg/dL

126.3

±34.3

High Density Lipoprotein - mg/dL

54.5

±13.7

Triglyceride - mg/dL

119.6

±70.0

Hemoglobin A1c

5.92

±0.78

Hypertension, n (%)

859

(39.0)

Diabetes§, n (%)

330

(15.0)

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

457

(20.7)

  1. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
  2. Values are shown as means ± standard deviation.
  3. *Subjects taking aspirin, plavix, warfarin, or other antiplatelet drugs.
  4. Calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula.
  5. Subjects taking antihypertensive drugs or with a SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, or a DBP ≥90 mmHg.
  6. §Subjects taking antidiabetic drugs or with a fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or a HbA1c ≥6.5%.
  7. Subjects taking lipid lowering drugs or with a total cholesterol level ≥ 240 mg/dL.