Table 1 Physico-chemical properties of vermicomposted fly ash amended soil at the time of sowing and harvesting of Lycopersicon esculentum and Solanum melongena.
Parameters | Days | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk density (g/cm3) | 0 | 1.61ā±ā0.05b | 1.46ā±ā0.02b | 1.37ā±ā0.01c | 1.23ā±ā0.02a | 1.06ā±ā0.02d | 0.97ā±ā0.01e |
120 (Le) | 1.30ā±ā0.01a | 1.31ā±ā0.01a | 1.26ā±ā0.02b | 0.93ā±ā0.07d | 0.98ā±ā0.01c | 0.92ā±ā0.006c | |
120 (Sm) | 1.32ā±ā0.05a | 1.34ā±ā0.02a | 1.28ā±ā0.04b | 0.96ā±ā0.002c | 0.94ā±ā0.01c | 0.89ā±ā0.02c | |
Porosity (%) | 0 | 41.71ā±ā1.65d | 44.26ā±ā1.21c | 46.38ā±ā0.20b | 47.96ā±ā0.50b | 48.71ā±ā0.36b | 50.86ā±ā0.71a |
120 (Le) | 48.11ā±ā0.52b | 48.89ā±ā0.14b | 47.38ā±ā0.35c | 48.52ā±ā0.04b | 50.41ā±ā0.08a | 50.67ā±ā0.91a | |
120 (Sm) | 46.24ā±ā0.66b | 47.66ā±ā0.28a | 46.54ā±ā1.05b | 46.28ā±ā0.55b | 45.27ā±ā1.12c | 44.89ā±ā0.06d | |
WHC (%) | 0 | 40.51ā±ā0.22e | 42.88ā±ā0.58d | 45.37ā±ā0.23c | 47.13ā±ā1.32b | 48.05ā±ā0.67b | 54.50ā±ā0.84a |
120 (Le) | 44.51ā±ā0.87āf | 45.25ā±ā0.44e | 46.86ā±ā0.20d | 48.32ā±ā0.10c | 49.04ā±ā0.57b | 55.50ā±ā1.10a | |
120 (Sm) | 43.75ā±ā0.02e | 45.78ā±ā0.55d | 45.42ā±ā0.87d | 47.76ā±ā0.02b | 46.84ā±ā0.06c | 48.32ā±ā1.72a | |
CEC (meq/100āg) | 0 | 3.88ā±ā0.01d | 4.03ā±ā0.02d | 4.10ā±ā0.02c | 4.15ā±ā0.02c | 4.61ā±ā0.01b | 4.88ā±ā0.01a |
120 (Le) | 4.67ā±ā0.09c | 4.81ā±ā0.03b | 4.12ā±ā0.03e | 4.21ā±ā0.04d | 4.72ā±ā0.06b | 5.14ā±ā0.03a | |
120 (Sm) | 3.75ā±ā0.05b | 3.81ā±ā0.02a | 3.12ā±ā0.002d | 3.25ā±ā0.06c | 3.72ā±ā0.02b | 3.14ā±ā0.08d | |
pH | 0 | 6.56ā±ā0.02e | 6.78ā±ā0.02e | 7.01ā±ā0.10d | 7.14ā±ā0.02c | 7.36ā±ā0.02b | 7.52ā±ā0.02a |
120 (Le) | 6.96ā±ā0.02c | 7.47ā±ā0.07d | 7.82ā±ā0.02b | 7.83ā±ā0.02b | 7.95ā±ā0.03a | 7.96ā±ā0.02a | |
120 (Sm) | 6.86ā±ā0.01b | 6.78ā±ā0.02b | 6.95ā±ā0.05b | 7.04ā±ā0.02a | 7.06ā±ā0.04a | 7.09ā±ā0.05a | |
OC (%) | 0 | 1.35ā±ā0.03d | 1.54ā±ā0.02c | 1.78ā±ā0.02b | 1.94ā±ā0.02b | 2.05ā±ā0.03a | 2.09ā±ā0.02a |
120 (Le) | 1.49ā±ā0.06āf | 1.56ā±ā0.02e | 1.99ā±ā0.06d | 2.08ā±ā0.02c | 2.17ā±ā0.02b | 2.34ā±ā0.03a | |
120 (Sm) | 1.55ā±ā0.07c | 1.57ā±ā0.03c | 1.98ā±ā0.002b | 2.12ā±ā0.05b | 2.34ā±ā0.06a | 2.47ā±ā0.02a | |
EC (dS/m) | 0 | 3.15ā±ā0.06d | 3.69ā±ā0.03c | 3.80ā±ā0.05b | 3.85ā±ā0.01b | 3.97ā±ā0.02a | 4.07ā±ā0.02a |
120 (Le) | 3.70ā±ā0.15d | 3.92ā±ā0.04c | 4.00ā±ā0.02bc | 4.03ā±ā0.03b | 4.09ā±ā0.02b | 4.80ā±ā0.05a | |
120 (Sm) | 3.85ā±ā0.05c | 3.97ā±ā0.04c | 4.02ā±ā0.02b | 4.05ā±ā0.06b | 4.10ā±ā0.60a | 4.12ā±ā0.57a | |
Total N (%) | 0 | 1.26ā±ā0.01e | 1.38ā±ā0.02d | 1.44ā±ā0.03d | 2.04ā±ā0.03c | 2.17ā±ā0.02b | 2.29ā±ā0.03a |
120 (Le) | 1.26ā±ā0.01āf | 2.52ā±ā0.23c | 2.06ā±ā0.02e | 2.44ā±ā0.09d | 3.51ā±ā0.06a | 2.86ā±ā0.09b | |
120 (Sm) | 1.46ā±ā0.01d | 2.66ā±ā0.33c | 2.65ā±ā0.15c | 2.54ā±ā0.02b | 2.58ā±ā0.05b | 2.72ā±ā0.03a | |
Available P (%) | 0 | 0.31ā±ā0.02c | 0.37ā±ā0.02c | 0.39ā±ā0.02c | 0.47ā±ā0.03b | 0.58ā±ā0.01b | 0.88ā±ā0.01a |
120 (Le) | 0.42ā±ā0.02e | 0.40ā±ā0.02e | 0.54ā±ā0.02d | 0.59ā±ā0.03c | 0.73ā±ā0.06b | 1.05ā±ā0.03a | |
120 (Sm) | 0.54ā±ā0.002e | 0.57ā±ā0.01d | 0.64ā±ā0.03c | 0.66ā±ā0.002c | 0.68ā±ā0.02ab | 0.70ā±ā0.05a | |
Exc. Potassium (%) | 0 | 0.21ā±ā0.05āf | 0.24ā±ā0.02e | 0.27ā±ā0.02d | 0.29ā±ā0.05c | 0.32ā±ā0.06b | 0.36ā±ā0.05a |
120 (Le) | 0.25ā±ā0.02d | 0.34ā±ā0.02c | 0.25ā±ā0.02d | 0.28ā±ā0.03d | 0.37ā±ā0.02b | 0.51ā±ā0.03a | |
120 (Sm) | 0.28ā±ā0.003e | 0.31ā±ā0.01d | 0.33ā±ā0.002d | 0.36ā±ā0.002c | 0.39ā±ā0.06b | 0.41ā±ā0.001a | |
Sulphate (%) | 0 | 2.96ā±ā0.14e | 3.15ā±ā0.03d | 3.67ā±ā0.02c | 3.79ā±ā0.03b | 4.12ā±ā0.04a | 4.18ā±ā0.01a |
120 (Le) | 3.08ā±ā0.02e | 3.49ā±ā0.05d | 3.93ā±ā0.03b | 3.87ā±ā0.02c | 4.64ā±ā0.05a | 4.40ā±ā0.03a | |
120 (Sm) | 3.25ā±ā0.05āf | 3.46ā±ā0.02e | 3.58ā±ā0.09d | 3.64ā±ā0.03c | 3.75ā±ā0.01b | 3.81ā±ā0.02a |