Table 2 Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards models of survival adjusted for age.

Variable	Hazard Ratio	95% CI		p Value
Variable	Hazard Ratio	lower	upper	p Value
Sex, male	0.231	0.047	1.125	ns.
Smoking pack years	0.985	0.967	1.004	ns.
Minimum SpO₂ in 6MWT before AE*, %	0.932	0.866	1.003	ns.
JRS severity grade before AE*	1.610	1.023	1.535	0.040
Preceding oxygen therapy, +	2.628	1.072	6.440	0.035
Serum adiponectin, ng/mL	1.000	1.000	1.000	ns.
Serum leptin, ng/mL	0.927	0.855	1.005	ns.
Adiponectin/leptin ratio	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.012
Adiponectin/leptin ratio, ≥905	2.600	1.031	6.558	0.042
Peripheral blood neutrophils at AE, /μL	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.020
Serum KL-6 at AE, U/mL	1.000	0.999	1.000	ns.
P/F ratio at AE	0.996	0.992	1.001	ns.
Period from admission to the beginning of AE treatment, days	1.125	1.008	1.255	0.035

^*Pulmonary function tests, severity scores, HRCT, and serum markers were evaluated within 12 months before AE-IPF.
Abbreviations; SpO₂: partial oxygen saturation, 6MWT: 6-minute walk test, AE: acute exacerbation, JRS: Japanese respiratory society, KL-6: Krebs von den Lungen-6, P/F: PaO₂/FiO_2, ns.: not significant.

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