Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the fabrication of spent FCC catalyst composites. (a) Spent FCC catalyst, (b) Ti/FCC, (c) V-Ti-2/FCC, (d) V-Ti/FCC and (e) V/FCC.

Schematic illustration of the fabrication of spent FCC catalyst composites. (a) Spent FCC catalyst, (b) Ti/FCC, (c) V-Ti-2/FCC, (d) V-Ti/FCC and (e) V/FCC.