Figure 2

Changes in protein kinase A (PKA) activity and tyrosine phosphorylation levels in spermatozoa. (A) Representative western blot image of phospho-PKA substrates. (B) Density of phospho-PKA substrates. (C) Representative western blot image of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins. (D) Density of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins. The data presented are the means ± SEM of three replicate experiments with three mice per replicate. All data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance. Tukey’s test was used to identify differences between treatments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Representative uncropped immunoblots are shown in Supplementary Fig. S2. The concentration of bisphenol A (BPA), glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (Vit C), and vitamin E (Vit E) were 100 µM, 5 mM, 100 µM, and 2 mM, respectively.