Table 3 Dates of Patagonian earthquakes, their epicenter locations and magnitudes as well as distances to Cerro Crestón.

From: Tree-ring correlations suggest links between moderate earthquakes and distant rockfalls in the Patagonian Cordillera

Earthquake

Coordinates

M

Distance

(in km)

Rockfall

(scars)

Intra-seasonal dating

Influence of

snow and ice

Y

M

D

Lat

Long

Position

Season

1949

12

17

−51.9

−72

7.8

573

2

E

ONDJ

 

1959

4

8

−50.5

−73

6.1

181

1

L

FM

 

1959

9

4

−47

−75

?

315

2

D

AMJJAS

likely

1960

5

24

−50.5

−74

6

220

1

D

AMJJAS

likely

1960

5

25

−47

−75

6.8

315

?

?

?

likely

1960

6

2

−46.5

−74

?

315

?

?

?

likely

1961

8

1

−47.2

−73.9

?

245

?

D

AMJJAS

likely

1961

12

9

−50.9

−73.6

6.7

240

1

E

ONDJ

 

1965

11

28

−43.4

−72.1

6.2

627

2

E

ONDJ

 

1966

9

29

−50.5

−72.4

5.2

166

3

E

ONDJ

 

1972

2

9

−51.8

−74.1

6

343

3

L

FM

 

1972

8

13

−51.8

−73.9

?

341

2

D

AMJJAS

likely

1973

5

2

−48.9

−75.8

5.2

281

4

D

AMJJAS

likely

1975

4

25

−47.7

−75.3

5

286

3

D

AMJJAS

likely

1977

5

12

−46.4

−73.9

5

327

1

D

AMJJAS

likely

1982

5

14

−45.4

−75.5

5.8

482

4

D

AMJJAS

likely

1983

8

1

−48.3

−75.9

5.6

294

3

D

AMJJAS

likely

1986

9

10

−50.2

−71.3

5

147

2

D

AMJJAS

likely

1987

6

29

−51.7

−72

5

304

4

D

AMJJAS

likely

1992

1

25

−50.4

−72.2

5.1

158

3

E

ONDJ

 

1992

7

30

−50.4

−72.1

5.5

151

2

D

AMJJAS

likely

1995

2

7

−48

−75.5

5.3

283

4

E

ONDJ

 

1997

4

21

−48.9

−75.8

5.2

277

4

D

AMJJAS

likely

1998

10

9

−47.7

−75.6

5.2

305

4

E

ONDJ

 

1999

5

29

−50.4

−76

5

325

1

D

AMJJAS

likely

2002

11

9

−48.2

−75.5

5.6

275

2

E

ONDJ

 

2003

9

12

−51.6

−75.6

5.6

388

4

D

AMJJAS

likely

2004

8

30

−50.7

−72.1

5.1

188

1

D

AMJJAS

likely

2007

4

25

−45.3

−72.7

6.2

427

2

D

AMJJAS

likely

  1. D = dormancy of N. pumilio trees lasting locally from April thru September (AMJJAS); E = Earlywood formation between October and January (ONDJ); L = Latewood formation in February and March (FM).
  2. Earthquake data are compared to the rockfall activity and intra-annual position of 97 scars found in 63 cross-sections of 20 N. pumilio trees. In cases where magnitude (M) information is missing a “?” was placed in the table. In the case of the earthquakes in 1960 and 1961, a clear attribution of rockfall scars to individual shaking events was not possible. Seasonal effects on rockfall processes during the winter season influence the detection of earthquake-rockfall relationships and potentially weaken results (for details see text).