Table 1 The urinary level of KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) and NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) recorded in different experimental groups.

From: Pioglitazone attenuates kidney injury in an experimental model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Group

KIM-1 (ng/ml)

NGAL (ng/ml)

Healthy

0.19 ± 0.40***

0.00 ± 0.00***†††

0.9% NaCl

0.35 ± 0.50***

0.22 ± 0.54***†††

DMSO

2.18 ± 1.44***

3.32 ± 2.41***

Gentamicin

21.95 ± 6.18

9.86 ± 0.16

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 0.3 mg/kg

25.99 ± 7.73

9.13 ± 1.15

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 1 mg/kg

9.04 ± 4.42*

9.52 ± 0.88

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 3 mg/kg

24.86 ± 9.54

8.89 ± 1.20

  1. Each result represents the mean ± SD (n = 4–6). ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05 compared to gentamicin group (ANOVA followed by the Turkey post hoc test). †††P < 0.001 compared to DMSO group (ANOVA followed by the Turkey post hoc test).
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