Table 3 The parameters of oxidative stress recorded in different experimental groups. Each result represents the mean ± SD (n = 4–6).

From: Pioglitazone attenuates kidney injury in an experimental model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Group

PROTEINS

TOS

TAS

OSI

MDA

AOPP

SOD

CAT

Healthy

4.55 ± 2.61

1.37 ± 0.32

0.19 ± 0.04

7.02 ± 0.29

1.92 ± 0.50

6.55 ± 1.60

3.74 ± 0.33

48.97 ± 6.51

0.9% NaCl

5.61 ± 1.26

1.23 ± 0.42

0.17 ± 0.06

7.09 ± 0.31

1.92 ± 0.51

6.50 ± 1.42

3.75 ± 0.32

49.00 ± 6.55

DMSO

8.15 ± 1.14

0.40 ± 0.03**††

0.19 ± 0.03

2.16 ± 0.44

0.98 ± 0.21**††

3.26 ± 0.04

2.84 ± 0.16

35.82 ± 2.23

Gentamicin

7.59 ± 3.18

3.15 ± 0.42***†††‡‡‡

0.18 ± 0.08

21.99 ± 13.88**††‡‡‡#&

2.65 ± 0.31**††‡‡‡

7.15 ± 3.06

4.74 ± 0.89*†‡‡‡

57.48 ± 12.27‡‡

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 0.3 mg/kg

7.41 ± 4.02

2.95 ± 0.22***†††‡‡‡

0.23 ± 0.04

13.25 ± 3.05

2.74 ± 0.08**††‡‡‡

6.96 ± 2.40

4.95 ± 0.26**††‡‡‡

46.49 ± 4.85

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 1 mg/kg

5.90 ± 3.33

2.76 ± 0.32***†††‡‡‡

0.24 ± 0.03

11.37 ± 1.53

2.78 ± 0.15**††‡‡‡

8.40 ± 0.69‡‡

4.26 ± 0.66‡‡

52.04 ± 6.90

Gentamicin + pioglitazone 3 mg/kg

7.52 ± 4.19

2.49 ± 0.32***†††‡‡‡

0.25 ± 0.05

10.57 ± 2.80

2.67 ± 0.18**††‡‡‡

8.19 ± 0.76‡‡

4.81 ± 0.40*†‡‡‡

59.47 ± 6.18‡‡‡

  1. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 compared to healthy group (ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test);
  2. P < 0.05, ††P < 0.01; †††P < 0.001 compared to 0.9% NaCl group (ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test);
  3. P < 0.05, ‡‡P < 0.01, ‡‡‡P < 0.001 compared to DMSO group (ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test);
  4. #P < 0.05 compared to GEN + PIO 1 mg/kg (ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test);
  5. &P < 0.05 compared to GEN + PIO 3 mg/kg (ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test).