Figure 1

A phylogenetic dendrogram (neighbor-joining method) based on the 915 nt sequences of 142 representative CV-A4 isolates collected from 1948–2017. The strains isolated in different years are represented by different colours according to the legend. A solid circle indicates severe cases. The sequences downloaded from GenBank are listed in Supplementary Table S3. The prototype CV-A5 strain (Swartz) served as an out-group reference.