Table 2 Categorization of transition dairy cows into high-risk (n = 20) and low-risk (n = 20) for metabolic dysfunction groups using known indicators of metabolic health.

From: Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Indicator

High-risk

Low-risk

P-value

Plasma BHBAa day 7 (mmol/L)

1.434 ± 0.096

0.525 ± 0.027

≤0.0001

Plasma BHBA day 14 (mmol/L)

2.169 ± 0.234

0.645 ± 0.034

≤0.0001

Plasma NEFAb day 7 (mmol/L)

1.245 ± 0.102

0.645 ± 0.038

≤0.0001

Plasma NEFA day 14 (mmol/L)

1.250 ± 0.092

0.605 ± 0.054

≤0.0001

Liver TAGc day 10 (mg/wet weight)

3.802 ± 0.406

1.333 ± 0.035

≤0.0001

  1. aBeta-hydroxybutyrate. bNon-esterified fatty acids. cTriacylglycerol.