Figure 3
Effect of changing macronutrients on bistability. Dashed graphs show normal responses whereas solid graphs show responses at higher levels of macronutrients (amino acid and fatty acid) levels in plasma. (i) AA = 3 folds. Here bistability span is increasing in the anabolic zone with response turning anabolic at 1.8 folds (compared to 1.7 folds for AA = 1 fold) while switching ON, and response turning catabolic from anabolic at 0.9 fold (compared to 1 fold for AA = 1 fold, where Ps turns homeostatic from anabolic) while switching OFF. At point ‘E’ glucose = 1 fold, Ps = 0.15 and corresponding anabolic conditions are depicted in Figure S5. (ii) AA = 5 folds. Here response remains catabolic even at glucose levels up to 2 folds. At point ‘F’, glucose = 1.5 folds with Ps = 0.86, corresponding network diagram is shown in Figure S6. (iii) FA = 3 folds. Here again the span of bistable response is increasing in the anabolic space with Ps value turning anabolic at 1.8 folds (as compared to 1.7 folds for FA = 1 fold) while switching ON, and response turning catabolic from anabolic at glucose = 0.8 fold (as compared to glucose = 1 fold for FA = 1 fold, where Ps turns homeostatic from anabolic) while switching OFF. At point ‘G’, glucose = 1 fold and Ps = 0.08; corresponding network diagram is shown in Figure S7. (iv) FA = 5 folds. Here response remains monostable and non-anabolic even at high glucose levels up to 2 folds. Ps turns homeostatic (from catabolic) at subnormal glucose levels of 0.9 fold (as compared with normal glucose levels = 1 fold for FA = 1fold). At point ‘H’, glucose = 1.5 folds, Ps = 0.39; corresponding network representing mildly anabolic conditions are shown in Figure S8.
