Table 4 Within-twin-pair association estimates between DNA methylation-based risk factors and conventional risk factors.
Associationsa | All twin pairs | Monozygotic twin pairs | Dizygotic twin pairs | P for heterogeneity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | ||
Horvath clock | |||||||
Body mass index | 6.26 (1.65, 10.87) | 8.8E-03 | 5.92 (−0.79, 12.62) | 0.09 | 6.48 (−0.01, 12.97) | 0.05 | 0.87 |
Age at menarche | 0.24 (−0.40, 0.87) | 0.47 | 0.25 (−0.86, 1.36) | 0.66 | 0.23 (−0.60, 1.07) | 0.59 | 0.72 |
Ever smoking | 1.09 (−0.53, 2.72) | 0.19 | 0.89 (−1.25, 3.03) | 0.42 | 1.27 (−1.19, 3.73) | 0.32 | 0.95 |
Levine clock | |||||||
Body mass index | 4.70 (−0.76, 10.15) | 0.09 | 4.65 (−3.33, 12.62) | 0.26 | 4.81 (−2.85, 12.47) | 0.22 | 0.84 |
Pack-years of smoking | 0.61 (−0.60, 1.81) | 0.33 | 0.41 (−1.03, 1.84) | 0.59 | 0.87 (−1.47, 3.20) | 0.49 | 0.69 |
Alcohol drinking | 0.50 (−1.50, 2.50) | 0.63 | 0.31 (−2.61, 3.23) | 0.83 | 0.61 (−2.23, 3.45) | 0.68 | 0.92 |
Ever smoking | 1.21 (−0.72, 3.14) | 0.22 | 0.70 (−1.84, 3.25) | 0.59 | 1.63 (−1.27, 4.54) | 0.27 | 0.84 |
Genome-wide average DNA methylationb | |||||||
Number of live births | 0.01 (−0.13, 0.14) | 0.93 | 0.01 (−0.20, 0.22) | 0.94 | −0.001 (−0.21, 0.20) | 0.99 | 0.80 |
Age at first live birth | −0.001 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.96 | 0.001 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.82 | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.46 | 0.53 |
Ever smoking | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.04) | 0.28 | 0.01 (−0.13, 0.14) | 0.93 | −0.10 (−0.23, 0.03) | 0.14 | 0.26 |