Table 2 Characteristics of oil field formation water after treatment with Chlorella vulgaris BS1 for 14 days and its compliance with environmental standards for its disposal and reuse.
Characteristics of oil field Formation water after treatment | Values | Does the treated formation water satisfy the regulatory guidelines for its disposal or reuse? | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
On-shore disposal (Environment Protection Rules, 1986) | Disposal by reinjection into abandoned oil well (Environment Protection Rules, 1986) | Reuse by reinjection into oil reservoirs (Recommendation Standard and Analysis Method for the Clastic Rock Reservoir Injection Water Quality) | ||
pH | 7.2 ± 0.18 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
TPH (mg L−1) | 0.04 ± 0.12 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
SO4 (mg L−1) | Not detected | ✓ | No regulatory limits | ✓ |
COD (mg L−1) | 79.2 ± 2.61 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Fe (mg L−1) | 1.232 ± 1.03 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Cu (mg L−1) | 0.0015 ± 1.02 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Cr (mg L−1) | 0.0295 ± 0.03 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Zn (mg L−1) | 0.1037 ± 0.001 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Ni (mg L−1) | 0.0697 ± 0.004 | ✓ | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Na (mg L−1) | 11.744 ± 1.21 | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Mn (mg L−1) | 0.0026 ± 1.06 | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Ca (mg L−1) | 33.376 ± 0.17 | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
Mg (mg L−1) | 3.3298 ± 0.013 | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
N (mg L−1) | 0.61 ± 0.04 | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits | No regulatory limits |
