Figure 1

Range Variability of Multilayer Myocardial Strain across Different Stages of Heart Failure. (A) CMR Feature Tracking Assessment of Multilayer Longitudinal Strain: multilayer Longitudinal Strain in representative subjects from the 4 pathology groups, from left to right: Normal, HFpEF, HFmrEF, HFrEF. For each case on the vertical, from up to down, are shown respectively:long- axis 4Ch Cine Image in end-diastole, Global Longitudinal Strain vs time curves at 3 distinct myocardial layers, underlined Endo-, Myo- and Epi- myocardial layers at which the strain values were assessed, long-axis 4Ch Cine Image in end-systole. (B) CMR Feature Tracking Assessment of Multilayer Circumferential Strain: multilayer Circumferential Strain in the same representative subjects from the 4 groups, from left to right: Normal, HFpEF, HFmrEF, HFrEF. For each case on the vertical, from up to down, are shown, respectively: short-axis Basal Cine Image in end-diastole, Global Circumferential Strain vs time curves at 3 distinct myocardial layers, underlined Endo-, Myo- and Epi- myocardial layers at which the strain values were assessed, short-axis Basal Cine Image in end-systole. (C) Global Longitudinal Srain and (D) Global Circumferential Strain across the 4 pathology groups: multilayer assessment of Endo-, Myo-, Epi- layers of left ventricular myocardium. Normal () normal age-, gender- matched control, HFpEF () patients with HF with preserved EF, HFmrEF () patients with HF with mid-range reduced EF, HFrEF () patients with HF with reduced EF.