Figure 1
From: Pathways of ocean heat towards Pine Island and Thwaites grounding lines
Model bathymetry and ice shelf draft. (a) Model bathymetry with partially-transparent white patches indicating locations of Dotson, Crosson, Thwaites, and Pine Island ice shelves. The red dot indicates the location of the Pine Island Ice Shelf (PIIS) front mooring. Underwater vehicle measurements are conducted in January 2009 along the orange line. The vertical sections of simulated ocean properties are shown along the black line. Red dashed line indicates topographic features separating deep and shallow regions. The lines marked A-D are sections discussed in the supplementary material. (b) The map of Antarctica with the region shown by red box denoting the model domain. AS, BS, and RS denote the Amundsen Sea, Bellingshausen Sea, and Ross Sea, respectively. The map is produced using Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS 2.2.0, http://cola.gmu.edu/grads/grads.php). Ice shelf drafts for (c) Dotson and Crosson, (d) Thwaites, and (e) Pine Island ice shelves for the domains enclosed by gray lines in (a). Time series of ice shelf melt rates, thermal driving, and ocean speed below ice shelf are shown for the locations marked by the red squares and the green circle (Fig. 6 and Supplementary Fig. 21).
