Figure 5

(a) Dispersion relations of the leaky mode of LWA for various H₀. The horizontal dashed line shows the fixed frequency of f₀ = 9 GHz for the LWA with continuous magnetic field scanning. (b) Far-field radiation patterns (gain) of the LWA with continuous magnetic field scanning. (c) The numerical (solid line) and analytic (circles) results of \({\phi }_{peak}\), and \(\Delta {\phi }_{3dB}\) (dashed line) versus H₀. (d) S₂₁ versus H₀ of the LWA for \(N=50\) (solid line) and \(N=100\) (dashed line).