Table 2 No. of spittlebug adults/sample (Mean ± SE) in different vegetational compartments in the four olive groves in the Apulia and Liguria Regions.

Year	Region	Olive grove	Philaenus spumarius									Neophilaenus campestris									Aphrophora alni
Year	Region	Olive grove	Herbaceous SSU_h			Olive trees SSU_o			Shrubs/Trees SSU_s			Herbaceous SSU_h			Olive trees SSU_o			Shrubs/Trees SSU_s			Herbaceous SSU_h			Olive trees SSU_o			Shrubs/Trees SSU_s
2016	Apulia	coastal	0.139	±	0.02	0.136	±	0.02	0.103	±	0.016	0.067	±	0.015	0.04	±	0.01	0.02	±	0.007	0	±	0	0	±	0	0	±	0
	Apulia	inland	0.312	±	0.04	0.22	±	0.037	—			0.02	±	0.007	0.01	±	0.006	—			0	±	0	0	±	0	—
	Liguria	coastal	0.561	±	0.051	0.448	±	0.047	0.372	±	0.069	0.177	±	0.025	0.016	±	0.007	0.006	±	0.006	0.022	±	0.007	0.149	±	0.028	0.232	±	0.049
	Liguria	inland	0.677	±	0.061	0.545	±	0.053	0.079	±	0.031	0.29	±	0.039	0.032	±	0.012	0	±	0	0.046	±	0.011	0.181	±	0.027	0.429	±	0.086
2017	Apulia	coastal	0.133	±	0.023	0.15	±	0.022	0.061	±	0.013	0.059	±	0.012	0	±	0	0.033	±	0.009	0	±	0	0	±	0	0	±	0
	Apulia	inland	0.388	±	0.05	0.244	±	0.035	0.537	±	0.089	0.158	±	0.025	0.047	±	0.013	0.081	±	0.027	0	±	0	0	±	0	0	±	0
	Liguria	coastal	0.623	±	0.045	0.435	±	0.042	0.515	±	0.063	0.125	±	0.021	0.005	±	0.004	0.03	±	0.017	0.005	±	0.003	0.04	±	0.011	0.059	±	0.022
	Liguria	inland	0.378	±	0.037	0.331	±	0.032	0.19	±	0.042	0.114	±	0.022	0.035	±	0.012	0.031	±	0.014	0.008	±	0.004	0.063	±	0.015	0.082	±	0.02
2018	Apulia	coastal	0.045	±	0.01	0.047	±	0.012	0.059	±	0.014	0.055	±	0.014	0.056	±	0.013	0.026	±	0.01	0	±	0	0	±	0	0	±	0
	Apulia	inland	0.052	±	0.011	0.081	±	0.016	0.289	±	0.051	0.026	±	0.008	0.022	±	0.009	0.022	±	0.014	0	±	0	0	±	0	0	±	0
	Liguria	coastal	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
	Liguria	inland	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—

Note that the sample units (SSU: secondary sample unit) are different among vegetation compartments (see the material and methods section).

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