Figure 4

XMCD and XMLD measurements at 160 K. (a) Hysteresis loops measured by recording the FY signal with circular polarized X-rays at the third peak of the Dy M5 edges (E = 1298.4 eV) and the Co L3 edge (E = 777.0 eV). (b) Comparison of surface (TEY) and bulk (FY) hysteresis loops for Dy. (c) XMLD hysteresis loops measured by recording the FY and TEY signal with linear polarized X-rays at the second peak of the Dy M5 edges (E = 1296.5 eV). (d) XAS and XMLD spectra taken at 8 T and 2.5 T for Dy with linear polarized X-rays. (e) Sketch of the magnetic spin structures for the different states in panel (a).