Figure 4

Series, shunt and quality factor frequency variations representations on a 2D plot and simultaneous 3D Smith chart visualization for the new fabricated Peano (pink) inductor in the conductive state of VO₂ versus previously reported best performing inductor (red) using VO₂ in same technology³⁷. (a) 2D series inductance representation versus frequency: both Peano inductor and previously reported inductor³⁷ show stable series inductance in within the 4GHz-10GHz frequency range. (b) 2D frequency dependency of quality factors in the 4 GHz-15 GHz frequency range. (c) Shunt inductance frequency dependency shows linearity on a sharper frequency range (see Supplementary Section 3) for both inductors. (d) 3D Smith chart representation of series inductance over the S₁₁ parameters in the 4 GHz-10 GHz frequency range. (e) 3D Smith chart representation of series inductance and quality factors 4GHz-10GHz over the series inductances 3D curves. (f) 3D Smith chart representation of series inductance and quality factors 4GHz-15GHz. The Qs start descending to 0 close to 15 GHz (the cylinders radius becomes 0 when Q becomes negative) for both models while the S₁₁ parameters crossed into the West hemisphere of the Smith chart (capacitive region). (g) 3D Smith chart representation of shunt inductance 4GHz-15GHz. One may see that the shunt inductance becomes negative below 15 GHz (entering the 3D Smith chart). (h) 3D Smith chart representation of shunt inductance and quality factors 4GHz-15GHz. (i) Simultaneously 3D Smith chart representation of series, shunt inductance and quality factors (along both series and shunt inductance) in the 4GHz-15GHz range.