Figure 5

(a) (left axes) The amount of electroactive phases obtained through the FTIR measurements using Eq. 1 and (right axes) the d\({}_{33}\) piezoelectric coefficient measured for pure PVDF and composites. Atomic force microscopy for 12 wt.% composite obtained at both sides (b) top and (c) bottom revealing that PVDF chains nucleates around the magnetic grains.