Figure 3
High frequency calling increases by minute during each isolation period. (A) In the first isolation (ISO1), there was a significant effect of time in high frequency call number production, but no significant effect of group or interaction (2-way repeated measure ANOVA; group: F(1,26) = 1.06, p = 0.31; minute: F(2,52) = 31.37, p < 0.0001; group x minute interaction: F(2,52) = 0.99, p = 0.38). Maternal separation (MS) pups and control pups increased their high frequency calling between minutes 1 and 3 (post hoc t with Bonferroni correction; MS: t(13) = 4.37, p < 0.005, d = 0.624, control: t(13) = 3.76, p < 0.01, d = 0.612; and minutes 2 and 3 (MS: t(13) = 5.19, p < 0.001, d = 1.03, control: t(13) = 4.12 p < 0.005, d = 1.23). B) In ISO2, all main effects were significant (group: F(1,26) = 7.97, p = 0.009; minute: F(2,52) = 48.08, p < 0.0001, group x minute interaction F(2,52) = 5.57, p = 0.0064). The time points of significance were the same as in ISO1 (post hoc test with Bonferroni correction; minute 1 to 3: MS: t(13) = 5.75, p = 0.0002, d = 1.23, control: t(13) = 5.20, p = 0.0005, d = 0.961; minute 2 to 3: MS: t(13) = 5.46, p = 0.0003, d = 0.862, control: t(13) = 4.80, p = 0.001, d = 0.907); in addition, MS were significantly more likely to increase high frequency calls from minute 1 to 2 (t(13) = 2.98, p = 0.032, d = 0.478). Post hoc tests showed group differences were not significant at minute 1 (t(13) = 2.71, p = 0.05, d = 0.971), but they were significant at minute 2 (t(13) = 2.78, p = 0.047, d = 1.09) and minute 3 (t(13) = 2.80, p = 0.046, d = 1.04). *Indicates a comparison to minute 1 where p < 0.05, **indicates a comparison to minute 1 where p < 0.005, ## indicates a comparison to minute 2 where p < 0.005. Horizontal bar indicates a comparison between groups.
