Figure 2
From: Localized Dielectric Loss Heating in Dielectrophoresis Devices

Measured temperature data as a function of time. The channel is filled with PBS. (a) Measured temperature data. (b) Close-up view of the dotted box in (a). Voltages are applied to IDEs for 1.5 s, and then the RTD measures the temperature for 1.5 s. The measurement cycle is repeated for the frequency range from 100 kHz to 2 MHz at frequency increments of 100 kHz. (c) Close-up view of the dotted box in (b). The temperature data is fitted with \(T=A\cdot {e}^{-t/{\tau }_{th}}+B\), which is the temperature cooling of a first order system. The thermal time constant, τth, is 0.301 s when the channel is filled with PBS. The τth is ~0.2 s when the channel is empty.