Table 3 VBM results – Analysis 2 (N = 267): function-lesion mapping of Writing.

From: Delineating the cognitive-neural substrates of writing: a large scale behavioral and voxel based morphometry study

Anatomy

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3: PC3 pen using

Model 3: PC4 writing vs. copying

Frontal lobe

L SFG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

−15 32 52

580

4.31

 

−9 71 0

1906

4.94

R SFG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

2 68 9

150

4.07

26 44 43

219

3.88

  

2 68 9

150

4.07

L MFG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

   

−39 48 25

187

3.33

R MFG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

29 8 40

250

3.63

44 18 51

952

4.02

36 6 42

450

3.65

 

L IFG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

   

−29 24 −23

844

4.66

Parietal lobe

R IPC/AG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

54 −46 51

174

4.31

50 −61 46

628

4.88

 

Temporal lobe

L MTG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

    

−59 −64 −5

2450

5.20

L hippocampus

x y z

cluster Zpeak

    

−21 −18 −11

698

4.16

R ITG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

59 −63 −6

445

4.17

  

48 −9 −41

462

5.12

59 −63 −6

445

4.17

Occipital lobe

L MOG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

−18 −94 9

459

3.91

   

L IOG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

−28 −91 −11

759

4.01

   

R IOG

x y z

cluster Zpeak

45 −79 −6

371

3.99

24 −97 −11

185

3.79

   

Cerebellum

L cerebellum

x y z

cluster Zpeak

    

−44-72 −45

420

4.56

−18 −90 −30

424

4.18

R cerebellum

x y z

cluster Zpeak

 

26 −90 −32

129

3.92

  

20 −88 −30

1146

5.34

45 −67 −45

604

4.35

Vermis

x y z

cluster Zpeak

    

−3 −57 −23

553

4.21

  1. All reported clusters are family wise error corrected at the cluster level, with a voxel threshold of p < 0.001, uncorrected. Abbreviation: L: left; R: right; SFG, superior frontal gyrus/cortex; MFG, middle frontal gyrus/cortex; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; IPC, inferior parietal cortex; AG, angular gyrus; ITG, inferior temporal gyrus; MTG, middle temporal gyrus; MOG, middle occipital gyrus; IOG, inferior occipital gyrus. Zpeak, the Z value of the cluster’s peak. Model 1 (light grey): cluster that positively correlated with number writing and word writing after controlling for age, education, orientation, days from stroke-to-scans, days from stroke-to-cognitive screen, gender. Model 2 (dark grey): Cluster that positively correlated with number writing and word writing after controlling for the covariates in model 1 and in addition for the 4 language and manual motor tasks. Model 3 (white background): Included the same covariates as in model 1, and the additional PCA scores as covariate. PC3, cluster showing positive correlation with the PCA component that dissociated the use of pen tasks from other fine manual motor tasks; PC4, Clusters showing positive correlation with the PCA component that dissociated the writing tasks from CFC (see Table 5 and text).