Figure 5

Correlation coefficients between October precipitation (160 stations’ data), IPFPI, and winter wheat climatic yield. (a) Correlation coefficients between October precipitation and IPFPI during 1951−2014; and (b) correlation coefficients between October precipitation in China during 1951−2014 and winter wheat climatic yield in the NCP during the following year (1952−2015). The correlation coefficients of ±0.2, ±0.24, and ±0.31 are statistically significant at the 90%, 95%, and 99% levels, respectively (Student’s t-test), (maps produced by NCL Version 6.6.2, http://dx.doi.org/10.5065/D6WD3XH5)46.