Table 2 Descriptive statistics of background information and reading-related skills for each groups.
Items | DD | TD ③ (N = 40) | T test (Total DD vs. TD) | F test (comparison across group ①②③) | Comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total DDs | VAS-im DDs ① (N = 20) | VAS-no DDs ② (N = 20) | |||||
Chronological age (years) | 10.06 (1.50) | 10.10 (0.35) | 10.03 (0.34) | 10.09 (0.39) | — | 0.02 | — |
Gender | 29 boys/11 girls | 14 boys/6 girls | 15 boys/5 girls | 19 boys/21 girls | — | — | — |
Vocabulary | 1477 (161) | 1463 (162) | 1492 (157) | 2328 (179) | 3.56** | 8.07*** | ➀➁ < ➂ |
Non-verbal IQ | 36.30 (6.76) | 36.31 (1.48) | 38.18 (1.43) | 37.31 (1.64) | — | 1.89 | — |
RAN (seconds) | 13.98 (3.22) | 14.32 (0.76) | 13.88 (0.74) | 10.14 (0.84) | −2.35* | 3.93* | ➀➁ < ➂ |
Char_O (c/min) | 84.03 (25.26) | 84.13 (6.24) | 83.94 (6.05) | 111.23 (6.92) | 3.21** | 5.55** | ➀➁ < ➂ |
Char_S (c/min) | 114.90 (37.18) | 95.13 (7.99) | 133.53 (7.75) | 143.77 (8.86) | 2.20* | 9.76*** | ➀ < ➁➂ |
Sen_O_acc (%) | 0.75 (0.08) | 0.74 (0.02) | 0.76 (0.02) | 0.84 (0.02) | 3.36** | 6.02** | ➀➁ < ➂ |
Sen_O_spe (c/min) | 131.82 (62.18) | 137.96 (16.55) | 126.05 (16.06) | 180.97 (18.36) | 2.29* | 2.70+ | ➀➁ < ➂ |
Sen_S_acc (%) | 0.73 (0.11) | 0.70 (0.03) | 0.76 (0.03) | 0.84 (0.03) | 3.29** | 7.30** | ➀ < ➁ < ➂ |
Sen_S_spe (c/min) | 273.73 (114.74) | 288.68 (36.98) | 259.66 (35.87) | 340.68 (41.02) | — | 1.11 | — |
