Table 2 Associations of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in GCK and INSR with chronic heavy alcohol consumption and their effect on the incidence of diabetes.

From: Chronic heavy alcohol consumption influences the association between genetic variants of GCK or INSR and the development of diabetes in men: A 12-year follow-up study

 

Genotype or Haplotype (HR, 95% CI)

P-value

GCK (rs758989)

Model 1

TT

TC + CC

 

   Never-drinkers

1

(reference)

0.67

(0.40–1.12)

0.1247

   Chronic heavy drinkers

1

(reference)

1.46

(1.00–2.15)

0.0522

Model 2

   Never-drinkers

1

(reference)

1

(reference)

 

   Chronic heavy drinkers

0.90

(0.57–1.41)

2.29

(1.36–3.87)

 

   P-value

0.6304

0.002

 

Model 3

   Never-drinkers

1.5

(0.89–2.49)

1

(reference)

0.0029

   Chronic heavy drinkers

1.5

(0.90–2.49)

2.15

(1.30–3.57)

 

INSR (4 SNPs haplotype)

Model 1

AACT Carrier

Non-Carrier

 

   Never-drinkers

1

(reference)

1.24

(0.74–2.08)

0.4115

   Chronic heavy drinkers

1

(reference)

1.56

(1.05–2.31)

0.0279

Model 2

   Never-drinkers

1

(reference)

1

(reference)

 

   Chronic heavy drinkers

1.45

(0.86–2.45)

1.42

(0.87–2.30)

 

   P-value

0.1646

0.1616

 

Model 3

   Never-drinkers

1

(reference)

1.23

(0.74–2.06)

0.0044

   Chronic heavy drinkers

1.25

(0.76–2.06)

1.98

(1.24–3.18)

 
  1. P-values were calculated by Cox proportional hazard analysis with adjustment for age, physical activity, family history of diabetes, smoking status, BMI, and ALT.
  2. Model 1, compared with homozygous TT genotype or AACT haplotype; Model 2, compared with never-drinker group; Model 3, compared with never-drinkers carrying the C allele or AACT haplotype.
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