Table 3 Seizure outcomes in 27 patients without drug-resistant epilepsy and 9 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy after GKS by Engel classification.
From: Gamma Knife radiosurgery for cerebral cavernous malformation
Engel classification | AED-controlled epilepsy (n = 27) | Drug-resistant epilepsy (n = 9) | |
|---|---|---|---|
GKS | GKS only | GKS + surgical resection | |
Class I | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Class II | 11 | 2 | 0 |
Class III | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Class IV | 5 | 3 | 0 |
Total | 27 | 5 | 4 |
