Figure 2
Membrane permeabilization and survival after PEF treatments at various electric field strengths. (A) membrane permeabilization assessed by PI addition before or after PEF treatment, (B) Survival after PEF treatment assessed by plate counting (adapted from Vaessen et al.9). (C) Membrane permeabilization assessed by combination staining with PI and SYTOX Green, (D) Survival assessed by plating on MRS and MRS-NaCl plates. For all PEF treatment two square wave pulses of 100 µs duration were applied. Error bars represent standard deviations of biologically independent samples (n ≥ 2) and different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
