Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of study participants based on BMI status (underweight, normal weight, overweight and/or obesity) (N = 14,937).

From: Application of single-level and multi-level modeling approach to examine geographic and socioeconomic variation in underweight, overweight and obesity in Nepal: findings from NDHS 2016

 

Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2)

N = 2,864, 19.2%

Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)

N = 9,358, 62.7%

Overweight and/or obesity (>=25 kg/m2)

N = 2,715, 18.2%

p-Value

n

% (95%CI)

n

% (95%CI)

n

% (95%CI)

Age

15–25

1079 (37.9)

37.9 (36.0–39.9)

2893 (30.7)

30.7 (29.5–31.9)

277 (10.2)

10.2 (8.7–11.6)

<0.0001

25–35

355 (12.7)

12.7 (11.2–14.3)

1970 (21.2)

21.2 (20.2–22.3)

727 (27.6)

27.6 (25.6–29.6)

 

35–45

289 (9.7)

9.7 (8.4–11.0)

1499 (15.9)

15.9 (15.1–16.8)

725 (27.2)

27.2 (24.9–29.4)

 

45–55

284 (10.1)

10.1 (8.9–11.3)

1245 (13.0)

13.0 (12.2–13.8)

511 (18.1)

18.1 (16.4–19.8)

 

55–65

368 (12.1)

12.1 (10.7–13.6)

957 (10.2)

10.2 (9.5–11.0)

306 (10.8)

10.8 (9.4–12.3)

 

>65

489 (17.4)

17.4 (15.6–19.1)

794 (8.9)

8.9 (8.1–9.6)

169 (6.2)

6.2 (5.1–7.2)

 

Sex

Male

1166 (40.5)

40.5 (38.6–42.4)

4013 (44.0)

44.0 (42.8–45.1)

993 (36.6)

36.6 (34.9–38.3)

<0.0001

Female

1698 (59.5)

59.5 (57.6–61.4)

5345 (56.0)

56.0 (54.9–57.2)

1722 (63.4)

63.4 (61.7–65.1)

 

Education

No education, preschool

1339 (47.5)

47.5 (45.1–50.0)

3464 (36.8)

36.8 (35.1–38.5)

838 (30.2)

30.2 (27.8–32.6)

<0.0001

Primary

413 (15.1)

15.1 (13.7–16.5)

1536 (16.4)

16.4 (15.3–17.4)

487 (17.7)

17.7 (15.9–19.5)

 

Secondary

887 (29.7)

29.7 (27.5–31.8)

3089 (32.7)

32.7 (31.3–34.1)

912 (33.5)

33.5 (31.2–35.9)

 

Higher

225 (7.7)

7.7 (6.3–9.1)

1269 (14.1)

14.1 (12.8–15.5)

478 (18.5)

18.5 (16.4–20.6)

 

Residency

Urban

1666 (53.9)

53.9 (47.7–60.1)

5760 (59.2)

59.2 (54.5–63.8)

2013 (74.2)

74.2 (69.9–78.6)

<0.0001

Rural

1198 (46.1)

46.1 (39.9–52.3)

3598 (40.8)

40.8 (36.2–45.5)

702 (25.8)

25.8 (21.4–30.1)

 

Marital status

Never married

805 (28.0)

28.0 (26.2–29.8)

1817 (20.3)

20.3 (19.1–21.6)

142 (5.5)

5.5 (4.2–6.8)

<0.0001

Currently married

1712 (59.9)

59.9 (58.1–61.8)

6873 (72.4)

72.4 (71.2–73.7)

2395 (88.7)

88.7 (87.2–90.2)

 

Formerly/ever married

347 (12.1)

12.1 (10.8–13.3)

668 (7.2)

7.2 (6.6–7.9)

178 (5.8)

5.8 (4.8–6.8)

 

Wealth quintile

Poorest

824 (22.8)

22.8 (19.4–26.2)

2283 (19.9)

19.9 (17.3–22.6)

239 (6.9)

6.9 (5.1–8.6)

<0.0001

2

692 (23.5)

23.5 (20.4–26.6)

2239 (22.0)

22.0 (19.9–24.1)

404 (12.6)

12.6 (10.4–14.8)

 

3

622 (22.8)

22.8 (20.1–25.5)

2041 (21.9)

21.9 (19.9–23.9)

553 (18.4)

18.4 (15.4–21.3)

 

4

418 (17.4)

17.4 (14.5–20.3)

1480 (18.7)

18.7 (16.5–20.9)

609 (23.9)

23.9 (21.1–26.7)

 

Richest

308 (13.5)

13.5 (10.6–16.4)

1315 (17.5)

17.5 (14.8–20.2)

910 (38.3)

38.3 (33.8–42.8)

 

Ecological region

Mountain

235 (6.1)

6.1 (3.9–8.3)

795 (7.4)

7.4 (4.8–10.0)

143 (4.9)

4.9 (2.2–7.5)

<0.0001

Hill

1037 (30.9)

30.9 (26.0–35.7)

4369 (45.1)

45.1 (40.1–50.1)

1348 (51.5)

51.5 (45.1–57.9)

 

Terai

1592 (63.1)

63.1 (58.2–67.9)

4194 (47.6)

47.6 (42.9–52.2)

1224 (43.6)

43.6 (37.4–49.8)

 

Provinces

Province 1

369 (15.3)

15.3 (12.6–18.0)

1363 (17.8)

17.8 (16.3–19.2)

481 (18.9)

18.9 (16.1–21.8)

<0.0001

Province 2

715 (32.7)

32.7 (29.1–36.2)

1452 (19.4)

19.4 (17.7–21.2)

317 (12.4)

12.4 (10.1–14.6)

 

Province 3

217 (12.2)

12.2 (8.4–16.0)

1289 (20.8)

20.8 (17.4–24.2)

573 (32.8)

32.8 (27.2–38.5)

 

Province 4

226 (6.0)

6.0 (4.9–7.1)

1223 (10.3)

10.3 (9.3–11.2)

529 (14.2)

14.2 (11.8–16.6)

 

Province 5

443 (17.3)

17.3 (14.4–20.1)

1381 (16.4)

16.4 (15.0–17.8)

418 (15.3)

15.3 (12.5–18.0)

 

Province 6

395 (5.8)

5.8 (4.8–6.9)

1306 (6.2)

6.2 (5.6–6.8)

203 (2.3)

2.3 (1.6–3.0)

 

Province 7

499 (10.7)

10.7 (9.3–12.2)

1344 (9.1)

9.1 (8.2–10.0)

194 (4.1)

4.1 (2.2–6.0)

 
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