Table 1 Descriptive statistics for all experiments.
From: Humans judge faces in incomplete photographs as physically more attractive
Experiment | Modification | M | SD | M difference | SE | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 - Positivity Bias effect | Aggregated Participants: attractiveness judgements | |||||
Original | 4.81 | 1.07 | ||||
Small | 5.06 | 1.01 | 0.25*** | 0.06 | [0.13, 0.36] | |
Blurred | 5.27 | 1.07 | 0.46*** | 0.06 | [0.35, 0.57] | |
One-third | 5.73 | 1.19 | 0.92*** | 0.05 | [0.81, 1.02] | |
Male Participants: attractiveness judgements | ||||||
Original | 4.77 | 1.09 | ||||
One-third | 5.72 | 1.14 | 0.95*** | 0.05 | [0.85, 1.06] | |
Female Participants: attractiveness judgements | ||||||
Original | 4.87 | 1.09 | ||||
One-third | 5.74 | 1.24 | 0.87*** | 0.06 | [0.75, 0.98] | |
Aggregated Participants: warmness judgements | ||||||
Original | 5.19 | 0.83 | ||||
Small | 5.01 | 0.72 | −0.18*** | 0.05 | [−0.28, −0.09] | |
Blurred | 5.09 | 0.88 | −0.10** | 0.04 | [−0.18, −0.01] | |
One-third | 5.58 | 0.88 | 0.38*** | 0.04 | [0.30, 0.47] | |
Aggregated Participants: knowledgeableness judgements | ||||||
Original | 5.89 | 0.54 | ||||
Small | 5.79 | 0.47 | −0.10** | 0.04 | [−0.17, −0.03] | |
Blurred | 5.7 | 0.53 | −0.18** | 0.03 | [−0.25, −0.12] | |
One-third | 6.3 | 0.53 | 0.41*** | 0.03 | [0.36, 0.47] | |
2 - Replication | Original | 48.4 | 11.42 | |||
Half | 50.45 | 11.83 | 2.05*** | 0.45 | [1.15, 2.94] | |
Incomplete | 51.31 | 10.34 | 2.91*** | 0.4 | [2.11, 3.70] | |
Mirror-reversed | 38.28 | 12.66 | −10.12*** | 0.62 | [−11.34, −8.90] | |
3 - Specific to Human Faces | Dog Faces | |||||
Original | 71.03 | 8.47 | ||||
Incomplete | 67 | 7.18 | −4.02*** | 0.82 | [−5.65, −2.40] | |
Landscapes | ||||||
Original | 55.62 | 15.44 | ||||
Incomplete | 54.44 | 14.65 | −1.18 | 0.82 | [−2.88, 0.44] | |
Flowers | ||||||
Original | 66.5 | 10.68 | ||||
Incomplete | 62.7 | 10.61 | −3.8*** | 0.82 | [−5.43, −2.18] | |
4 – Sensitivity to | No Expectations | |||||
Expectations | Original | 41.2 | 11.61 | |||
Incomplete | 48.28 | 10.71 | 7.08*** | 0.45 | [6.18, 7.98] | |
High Expectations | ||||||
Original | 47.51 | 11.87 | ||||
Incomplete | 50.51 | 11.16 | 3*** | 0.39 | [2.21, 3.78] | |
Low Expectations | ||||||
Original | 43.01 | 12.41 | ||||
Incomplete | 44.98 | 9.84 | 1.97*** | 0.49 | [1.00, 2.93] | |
5 – Ruling out Similarity | Original | 33.8 | 4.14 | |||
Incomplete | 34.06 | 2.76 | 0.25 | 0.23 | [−0.20, 0.71] | |
6 – The role of Typicality | Aggregated typical (experiments two and four) | |||||
Original | 52.95 | 8.86 | ||||
Incomplete | 55.17 | 8.47 | 2.22*** | 0.47 | [1.28, 3.15] | |
Aggregated atypical (experiments two and four) | ||||||
Original | 39.55 | 9.52 | ||||
Incomplete | 44.97 | 9.82 | 5.42*** | 0.47 | [4.48, 6.35] | |
7 – Disrupting the positivity bias | Upright | |||||
Original | 45.18 | 11.44 | ||||
Incomplete | 48.72 | 10.64 | 3.54*** | 0.4 | [2.73, 4.34] | |
90-degree-rotated | ||||||
Original | 49.63 | 11.48 | ||||
Incomplete | 49.94 | 8.53 | 0.31 | 0.48 | [−0.63, 1.26] | |
Inverted | ||||||
Original | 50.11 | 11.37 | ||||
Incomplete | 50.09 | 10.39 | −0.02 | 0.53 | [−1.06, 1.02] | |
