Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: Optogenetic stimulation of the VTA modulates a frequency-specific gain of thalamocortical inputs in infragranular layers of the auditory cortex

Figure 5

Temporal development of early and late AVREC and ResidualCSD activity (A) Grand average traces of the BF-evoked AVREC (top) and ResidualCSD (bottom) of the C1V1 group (n = 12) for binned pre, laser and post (<30, >30 & >45 min)-measurements. Right, insets illustrate that AVREC activity is mainly associated with local columnar activity, while the ResidualCSD quantifies contributions from lateral corticocortical input (cf Happel et al., 18,20). (B) Temporal time courses of Pre-normalized early/late AVREC and early/late ResidualCSD traces of C1V1 (red), control (blue) and YFP (green) groups (n = 12, n = 7, n = 7, respectively) shown for BF stimulation. Early AVREC signal displayed a significant increase in post-measurements for the C1V1 group whereas time courses of the control and YFP groups were stable. Late AVREC signal showed no significant differences between either group. RMS ResidualCSD values of early and late time windows displayed a similar temporal development as the early AVREC becoming significantly increased in the later post-measurements within the C1V1 group. Control and YFP groups showed no significant changes over time. Note the peaking in the early ResidualCSD RMS during laser stimulation, which is only present in the C1V1 group. Asterisks mark significant changes according to the applied mixed linear models of the normalized data towards the control group (see Materials and Methods). (C) Tuning curves of the RMS value normalized to BF-evoked responses in the pre-condition for early/late AVREC and early/late ResidualCSD for binned time points for C1V1 group. Note the general increase of the overall tuning curve relative to pre measurements.

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