Figure 6
Molecular mechanism of vectorial proton transport in RxR. A proton is transported from the intracellular side to the extracellular side during a single photoreaction cycle through several carboxylates. The protonation/deprotonation states of the five carboxylates in the original state (RxR541) and the L-, M- and O-intermediates (L465, M405 and O595, respectively) are shown. EC and IC indicate extracellular and intracellular sides, respectively.
