Table 4 Z-scores of lung function at different corrected ages stratified by the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

From: Evolution and Determinants of Lung Function until Late Infancy among Infants Born Preterm

z-score		No BPD	Mild-moderate BPD	Severe BPD
Vt	6 m	−0.32 ± 0.88	−0.43 ± 0.82	−0.21 ± 0.94
	12 m	0.24 ± 0.96	−0.71 ± 0.87***	−1.06 ± 1.11***
	18 m	0.31 ± 1.24	−0.01 ± 1.30	−0.25 ± 1.18
	24 m	0.39 ± 0.95	−051 ± 1.49*	−1.18 ± 1.69**^#
Rrs	6 m	−0.57 ± 1.54	−1.33 ± 1.56	−1.35 ± 1.57
	12 m	0.13 ± 0.87	0.12 ± 1.21	−1.62 ± 1.76***^##
	18 m	−0.34 ± 1.16	−0.34 ± 1.21	−2.63 ± 3.28**^##
	24 m	0.24 ± 0.56	−0.37 ± 0.65*	−0.73 ± 1.56*
Crs	6 m	−0.42 ± 0.81	−0.67 ± 1.03	−0.79 ± 0.76
	12 m	−0.06 ± 1.04	−0.99 ± 0.76**	−1.17 ± 0.70***
	18 m	−0.27 ± 1.04	−0.67 ± 0.89	−0.52 ± 1.30
	24 m	0.35 ± 1.81	−1.44 ± 1.82*	−1.88 ± 1.45**
V’max_FRC	6 m	−0.43 ± 0.86	−0.74 ± 0.48	−0.84 ± 0.37*
	12 m	−0.64 ± 0.76	−1.14 ± 0.65*	−1.40 ± 0.64**
	18 m	−0.66 ± 1.07	−1.24 ± 1.04	−1.53 ± 0.98*
	24 m	−0.25 ± 1.24	−1.36 ± 1.22*	−1.65 ± 1.17*
FEV_0.5	6 m	−0.94 ± 0.83	−0.75 ± 0.80	−0.99 ± 0.99
	12 m	0.24 ± 0.53	−0.15 ± 1.07	−1.81 ± 1.12***^##
	18 m	−0.13 ± 1.04	0.03 ± 0.46	−1.19 ± 1.59**^#
	24 m	0.13 ± 1.43	−0.97 ± 0.64	−1.89 ± 0.88**
FVC	6 m	−0.70 ± 0.87	−0.31 ± 0.99	−0.39 ± 1.12
	12 m	0.74 ± 0.39	−0.39 ± 0.89**	−1.24 ± 0.86***^#
	18 m	0.01 ± 0.90	0.27 ± 0.59	−1.06 ± 1.33*^#
	24 m	0.20 ± 1.90	−0.60 ± 0.92	−2.07 ± 0.94**^#
FEF_25–75	6 m	−1.00 ± 0.79	−0.68 ± 0.89	−1.05 ± 0.78
	12 m	−0.08 ± 0.55	−0.20 ± 1.01	−1.82 ± 1.04***^##
	18 m	−0.79 ± 0.85	−0.13 ± 0.43	−1.17 ± 1.34*^#
	24 m	0.01 ± 1.16	−0.85 ± 0.28	−1.79 ± 1.01**

*p < 0.05 compared with the no BPD group; **p < 0.01 compared with the no BPD group; ***p < 0.001 compared with the no BPD group
#p < 0.05 compared with the mild to moderate BPD group; ^##p < 0.01 compared with the mild to moderate BPD group.
Vt, tidal volume; Rrs, resistance of respiratory system, Crs, compliance of respiratory system; V’max_FRC, maximal flow at functional residual capacity; FEV_0.5, forced expiratory volume at 0.5 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEF_25–75, forced midexpiratory flow.

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Table 4 Z-scores of lung function at different corrected ages stratified by the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

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